Paper #4

Remarks on the Behavior of an Agent-Based Model of Spatial Distribution of Species

João Bioco, Paula Prata, Fernando Cánovas and Paulo Fazendeiro

Abstract: Agent-based models have gained considerable notoriety in ecological modeling as well as in several other fields yearning for the ability to capture the emergent behavior of a complex system in which individuals interact with each other and with their environment. These models are implemented by applying a bottom-up approach, where the entire behavior of the system emerges from the local interaction between their components (agents or individuals). Usually, these interactions between individuals and their enclosing environment are modeled by very simple local rules. From the conceptual point of view, another appealing characteristic of this simulation approach is that it is well aligned with the reality whenever the system is composed of a multitude of individuals (behavioral units) that can be flexibly combined and placed in the environment. Due to their inherent flexibility, and despite of their simplicity, it is necessary to pay attention to the adjustments in their parameters which may result in unforeseen changes on the overall behavior of these models. In this paper we study the behavior of an agent-based model of spatial distribution of species, by analyzing the effects of the model parameters and the implications of the environment variables (that compose the environment where the species lives) on the models’ output. The presented experiments show that the behavior of the model depends mainly on the conditions of the environment where the species live, and the main parameters presented in life cycle of the species.

Keywords: Agent-based modeling; (Biological) Spatial distribution; Computer simulation; Discrete agents, Parameterization.